Battle of Bosworth

Located in Willunga, to the south of the McLaren Vale township, Edgehill Vineyard was established in the early 1970s by Peter and Anthea Bosworth. Willunga itself was settled in approximately 1837 and Bosworths have been growing grapes in the district on and off from the late 1840s. Son Joch Bosworth took over the management and day to day running of the vineyards in 1995, and set about converting the vineyards to certified organic viticulture from this time.

Traditionally a region of mixed agriculture from the earliest pioneer days, Willunga grew wheat, sheep, stone fruits and barley, as well as dairy cattle and almonds. Almonds were an important part of the local economy in the 1950s and 1960s, but Willunga was unable to compete with the Riverland region’s unrestricted access to water for irrigation and cheap land for almond growing, and the industry fell into decline. Many of the commercial almond groves became derelict as a result, and Edgehill Vineyard was established on one such property.

Battle of Bosworth Wines was established in 2001 by Joch and partner Louise Hemsley-Smith and wines are made from vines that were planted in the early 1970’s by Joch’s parents.

Organic Viticulture at Battle of Bosworth
Organic farming is based on minimising the use of external inputs, and as such our certified organic grapes are grown and processed without the use of synthetic chemicals, fertilisers, or GMOs. Our system of organic viticulture at Battle of Bosworth works with nature rather than against it, and by keeping harmful chemicals out of the land, water and air, creates a healthy environment rich in flora, fauna and nutrients; the perfect environment for growing the very best quality wine grapes.

Conversion to organic viticulture began in 1995. Battle of Bosworth now has a significant holding of 20 years and older Shiraz, Cabernet Sauvignon, Chardonnay, Viognier, Petit Verdot, Sauvignon Blanc and Mourvèdre (as well as a little Graciano and Touriga Nacional) vines which are fully certified ‘A’ grade organic by Australian Certified Organic (http://www.australianorganic.com.au), a process that takes four years. Certification involves yearly audits and random sampling of produce.

Alot of what we do in the vineyard is simply old-fashioned grape growing; essentially, our vineyards are run as they would have been 50 years ago before synthetic pesticides and fertilizers became available. We’ve also developed a method of sustainable weed management whereby Soursobs (oxalis pes caprae) are encouraged to grow under-vine to out-compete other weeds, as well as using modified vineyard machinery to increase efficiency and minimise environmental impact. We have also spent considerable time and effort in extensive re-vegetation projects on the vineyard by removing feral species and replanting natives, helping both to improve biodiversity and the natural aesthetics of the vineyards and creeks.”

Vineyards and Soils
The vineyards are located in the southern foothills of the Mount Lofty Ranges which form the eastern boundary of the McLaren Vale region, and are some 7km due west of the sea. Our vineyards are approximately 130m above sea level.

Soils comprise predominantly Urrbrae silt loams from the Quaternary period. They are variously red brown to chocolate brown clay loams with slate/ quartz gravel over red brown, very stony and well-structured clay with up to 50% soft carbonate. This all means that the soils are very well-drained (vines do not appreciate ‘wet feet’) and at the same time, have excellent water holding properties. Supplementary drip irrigation from underground water is used in the vineyards when required.

Vines
The Chardonnay, Viognier, Cabernet Sauvignon and Shiraz vines are all trained to a two wire vertically shoot positioned spur pruned trellis. The ‘cordon cut’ rows from which we get the vine-dried Cabernet and Shiraz blending components (and from the Shiraz, the ‘White Boar’material) are trained to a single wire cordon with spur and cane vertically shoot positioned. In terms of clonal selection, the Cabernet Sauvignon vines are LC10 and LC 14 and Shiraz a mixture of 1664 and a very old and unknown McLaren Vale clone. Vines are approximately twenty years old. The Chardonnay plantings are made up of the I10VI clone and the Viognier a mixture of Montpellier and HTK. Rows are approximately 3.35m wide in the vineyard and space between vines about 1.8m Vine densities average at about 664 vines per acre across all varieties.

Soursob (Oxalis pes-caprae)
Joch combats any weeds in partnership with the Soursob (oxalis pes-caprae), the pretty yellow flower which also features on the Battle of Bosworth label. Growing rapidly under vine with the onset of winter rains, the Soursob out-competes other weeds in winter and forms a natural weed mat in spring and summer. The lifecycle of the Soursob fits very well with the grape vine as it uses water in winter when the vine is dormant and dies off in summer as the vines’ water requirements increases.

Modern and Traditional Viticultural Techniques
Using old-fashioned grape growing techniques and employing sustainable modern viticultural practices helps us to grow the very best grapes possible, and by keeping cultivation to an absolute minimum, with a negligible impact on the soil structure.

Following opening rains in April/ May time, the area between the rows is disced and a cover crop planted. This adds soil organic matter, helps retains soil moisture and reduces soil temperature in summer. Generally a cereal such as triticarli (a cross between wheat and barley) is planted. The cover crop is mown in spring and left as surface mulch, helping form a natural weed mat. In some years weeds grow in the soursobs to an unacceptable level (mainly wild oats). When this happens, a ‘dodge plough’ is used to remove the soil under the vine to kill the weeds, only after the soursobs have set their bulbs for the next seasons growth. A specially modified rotary hoe is used at the same time. It is modified to minimise cultivation, so only about 30cm each side of the vines are hoed, instead of the traditional whole row cultivation.

This soil, as well as the soil pulled from the under vine area by the dodge plough is re-mounded under the vine after 1-2 weeks of fine weather with a single ‘throwing on’ disc, leaving the under vine area weed free, with a new store of soursob bulbs in place, ready to burst into life with the opening rains in autumn.

By maintaining organic soil and biological activity and using preventative measures to deal with any pest problems, Joch and the humble Soursob have proven to be a very potent force in our viticultural Battle of Bosworth.

The aim is to produce balanced and flavoursome single vineyard wines that best express the qualities and characteristics of the site, in a wine style that we, and hopefully others, enjoy drinking. Battle of Bosworth makes a Chardonnay Viognier blend, a Sauvignon Blanc, a dry Cabernet Rosé, a Shiraz, Shiraz Viognier blend and a Cabernet Sauvignon as well as a very limited volume of our Amarone inspired White Boar Shiraz.

As organic producers we can’t use blending components from other vineyards, or indeed other regions, even if we wanted to. We have to create our own blending components in the vineyard and winery in various ways to add complexity to our wines.

Joch constantly experiments in the vineyard using different regimes – pruning, trellising, water regulation, crop thinning and other techniques, which, if they prove effective, are adopted. The use of cordon-cut Amarone style grapes in the red wines has come about as the result of one such trial. We experiment in the winery by manipulating fermentation time, fermentation temperature, the type of oak used, the time spent in oak, time on lees and a host of other processes, to best achieve the desired Battle of Bosworth style.

This constant spirit of experimentation in the vineyard and winery, along with traditional vinification and natural minimal processing, combined with organic and sustainable viticulture allows us to capture the purity, integrity, texture and flavour of the vineyard in our wines.